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Amorphous and Crystalline Solids

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Amorphous and Crystalline Solids - Lesson Summary

Amorphous and Crystalline Solids
Based on the arrangement of its constituents, solids are broadly classified into two categories. They are crystalline solids and amorphous solids.

Crystalline solids:
  • Crystalline solids have an orderly arrangement of their constituent particles.
  • Crystalline solids have definite geometrical shapes.
  • Long-range order of arrangement of particles is present.
  • Thus a crystal is defined as a solid figure that has a definite geometrical shape, with flat faces and sharp edges.
  • EX:  Quartz and sodium chloride.
  • A crystalline solid has a sharp melting point
  • Crystalline solids are anisotropic in nature.
  • If a crystalline solid is broken into pieces, the small constituents will have the same smooth and plane surfaces.
  • Crystalline solids have definite heat of fusion values
  • Crystalline solids show plane of symmetry, axis of symmetry and centre of symmetry.
Amorphous solids:
  • An amorphous solid consists of a number of constituent particles arranged in a random manner.
  • They do not have any definite geometry.
  • Short range order of arrangement of particles is present.
  • EX: Glass, rubber and plastics
  • These are also called as super-cooled liquids
  • Amorphous solids do not have sharp melting points.
  • Amorphous solids are isotropic in nature
  • Amorphous solid is broken into pieces; the small constituents will have irregular surfaces and intersect at random angles.
  • Amorphous solids do not have definite heat of fusion values
  • Amorphous solids do not show any symmetry. ffc iij kkg  gdfgdfsg
 

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